Clan Carruthers, Nobility

CLAN CARRUTHERS: Of Carruthers Barons, Lords and Lairds.

LORDS AND LAIRDS

John 12th Holmains 2
Reproduced with permission of the Holmains family

Carruthers have been named as ‘Lords’ in fictional literature, but history shows that sadly Carruthers, although members of the minor nobility, never reached into the heights of the Scottish Peerage and therefore cannot claim it as such. As the use or misuse of the titles of peerage is monitored by the Lord Lyon King of Arms, as of course are the arms that accompany such titles, it is also controlled through Crown Statute in Scottish Law.  Therefore, misuse carries its own stiff penalties for anyone abusing the system.

We must recognise that although now one union, the peerage within Scotland developed in a slightly different manner to that of England. As such the ranking of the peerage runs: Monarchy, Dukes, Marquesses, Earls/Countesses, Viscounts and Lords. The highest title Carruthers has ever achieved from the Scottish Crown, were Feudal Barons and/or knights of the realm.

The other difference between Scotland and England regarding titles is that in Scotland they can be passed down the female line.  It is also true that rather than the title falling into abeyance, the laws of Scotland permits inheritance of those of the line, to those born out of wedlock if their parents married after the event, thus bringing legitimacy to the birth.

For clarification, when the title ‘Laird’ is used in Scotland, as it has been in the past, it does not necessarily translate to ‘Lord’ in the noble sense, but rather simply as a landowner of a large and long established estate. A current example would be Carruthers of Dormont, who is recognised as ‘the Laird” of Dormont, but not as a Lord.

Barony_Robe_and_Chapeau.PNG
Chapeau and Feudal Barons Mantle (particularily Scottish)

In the past, a step up from being considered a laird, would be for the estate to be recognised as a barony (Feudal Barony) as in the case of Mouswald and Holmains. This would only have happened through legal statute and after confirmation or erection through Crown charters. To put it in perspective the listing would be from the bottom up; Gentlemen, Lairds, Barons, Knights, Baronets, none of which are recognised titles within the Scottish Peerage.

However, in the past and occasionally today, what it would have done, is allow a Carruthers holding a Barony ie Mouswald or Holmains to use a chapeau in their arms.

iu-13.jpegAccording to the Lord Lyon, the only difference between the Arms of a Feudal Baron and anyone else non-titled is “a helmet befitting their degree”. The helmet is now the chief mode of recognition of a Scottish baron. The Lord Lyon has adopted a steel helm with grille of three bars, garnished in gold, as the current baronial additament. Alternatively, a feudal steel tilting helm garnished in gold, that may be shown affronté (face on) may appear. If the baron also holds a higher rank than baron, such as a lordship of parliament, the appropriate helmet will then be used.

According to Wikipedia, the former Lord Lyon declined to award baronial additaments to the arms of those feudal barons registering arms now that the Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000 is in force. However, the current Lord Lyon (Joe Morrow-see below), has confirmed in a recent policy statement that he will officially recognise feudal barons or those possessing the dignity of baron who meet certain conditions and will grant them arms with a helmet befitting their degree. Scottish Barons rank below Lords of Parliament; while noble, they are not conventionally considered peerage titles. Unlike others, the titles can be hereditary or bought and sold.

In showing that Scottish barons are titles of nobility, reference may be made, amongst others, to Lyon Court in the Petition of Maclean of Ardgour for a Birthbrieve by Interlocutor dated 26 February 1943 which “Finds and Declares that the Minor Barons of Scotland are, and have both in this Nobiliary Court, and in the Court of Session, been recognised as ‘titled’ nobility, and that the estait of the Baronage (The Barones Minores) is of the ancient Feudal Nobility of Scotland”.

Sir Thomas Innes of Learney (Lord Lyon 1945-1969) in his ‘Scots Heraldry’ (2nd Ed., p. 88, note 1) states that ‘The Act 1672, cap 47, specially qualifies the degrees thus: Nobles (i.e. peers, the term being here used in a restricted seventeenth-century English sense), Barons (i.e. Lairds of baronial fiefs and their “heirs”, who, even if fiefless, are equivalent to heads of Continental baronial houses) and Gentlemen (apparently all other armigers).’ Baronets and knights are evidently classed as ‘Gentlemen’ here, and are of a lower degree than Barons. The Scottish Head of Baronial Houses, includes all the various styles and titles which designate the territorial nobility i.e. Baron of (ie Mouswald).

Barons may also wear two eagle feathers when in traditional dress. If the baron is a member of a clan, it is advisable to consult the clan chief on clan customs and traditions. The Lord Lyon only gives guidance and not governance on the wearing of feathers and recommends consulting with a clan chief.

In the case of our own family the Chief, Peter Carruthers of Holmains would wear three feathers, his son two and all other armigers one, unless designated otherwise by the Chief.


A BARON

So what is a Baron and where does it originally come from?

Scottish Barons rank below Lords of Parliament, and while noble, are not conventionally considered peerage titles; unlike others, this title can be bought and sold. A Scottish feudal barony is associated with land or an estate and not the Peerage.

iu-11

Origins of Feudal Baronies 

According to Baronage UK the feudal system was developed in the territories Charlemagne had ruled, and it was brought to Britain through the Norman Conquest. Under feudalism, all land belonged to the King. He grants parts of it to his closest advisers and most powerful warriors, these being known as tenants-in-chief, and they in turn grant parts of their lands to others who could in turn let parts of their holdings. There is thus a chain – King, tenants-in-chief, tenants, sub-tenants.

The basic unit of feudalism in England is the manor, which had existed before the Conquest but was readily absorbed into the feudal system. The Lord of the Manor was a tenant who held it from a superior who might be a baron or earl or even the King. He owed fealty to that superior, and could be summoned to fight for him and to give him counsel. In return, for feudal relationships are reciprocal, the superior would give his tenants, his vassals, the protection of his military power and his law.

In Scotland the geophysical structure of the country militated against centralisation, and baronial power, which over much of the land was integrated successfully into the tribal traditions of the clans, remained strong. Baronies here were erected or confirmed by Crown Charter (an essential element) and held in baroniam, which meant that the legal powers and loyal duties of each baron were clearly defined and understood, as was the succession to their baronies.

Cap_of_Maintenance.svg.pngAs such a Feudal Baron is not entitled to wear a coronet. He or she may be entitled to wear a Cap of Maintenance. A Scottish feudal barony used to be attached to a particular piece of land on which is a building, such as a castle or manor house.

Unlike England’s system of hereditary peerages, which are, in the main, passed down the male line , as stated aboove, Scottish feudal baronies may be passed to any person, of either sex, by inheritance or conveyance.

Sir John Skene in 1597 defined a Scottish baron – “In this Realme he is called ane Barrone quha haldis his landes immediatlie in chiefe of the King and hes power of pit and gallows”. (The pit was a pool for drowning women; the gallows was for men only.) All barons had the duty to attend the King’s court, which was Parliament, and this continued after King James I returned from captivity in England to introduce an English style of peerage, but in 1587 the minor barons, effectively those who did not have peerage titles, were excused their compulsory attendance at Parliament (although they could attend Parliament if they wished).

Scottish feudal barons today are not summoned to Parliament, but their baronies are recognised by virtue of the Crown Charters that erected them. It is important to understand that although a barony was based on the possession of land, it was separate from the land. The Crown Charter that erected the barony (and without which it could not be a barony) always referred to “the lands and barony of ie Carruthers/Mouswald/Holmains.” One part of the land was always nominated as the “head” of the barony, the caput, and until now that has always had to be transferred with the barony for the barony to avoid extinction. As will be explained below, the new legislation has changed this.

A feudal baron who is not a peer uses the style of, for example, “John Smith, Baron of Smithfield” or “John Smith of Smithfield”. His wife is known as “Lady Smithfield”. His status is much misunderstood, especially in England, and in continental Europe there appears to be a tendency to assume that Scottish feudal barons are somehow inferior to those of Germany or France. That this is not so has been admirably demonstrated by Sir Iain Moncreiffe of that Ilk.


Note of Clarification from the Lord Lyon, Dr Joe Morrow, 2015

The Petitioner came to the Lord Lyon with a Petition to be recognised as Lord of the Garioch. He was in possession of an Assignation of the ‘Lordship and Regality of the Garioch’ and that assignation has been registered in the Scottish Barony Register (SBR).

Lyon found that Regalities, although a higher form of barony, had been abolished by the Heritable Jurisdiction Act of 1747. Nevertheless he found that those in possession of a regality, after they were abolished, were still of the genus baron. Lyon’s whole approach to the matter was to look for the law and legal commentary from the Institutional writers.

Lyon finds that feudal lordships, feudal earldoms and feudal marquisates are of the genus barony and the owners of these ‘higher’ feudal titles come within his heraldic jurisdiction.

On the question of recognition it appears that Lyon prefers the approach of recognizing the particular dignity as expressed in the Crown Charter that the petitioner presented to the Custodian of the SBR.

It appears that he takes it a matter of fact that if a Petitioner has a valid assignation of a feudal dignity then the rank of the Petitioner must be that as expressed in the Crown Charter preceding the assignation. Lyon made it very clear that he intended to follow the previous Lyons practice of relying on and endorsing the Custodian’s decision on registration in the SBR.

Lyon has decided that in future the Petitioner’s Recognition will be in the following terms:

“By Deed of Assignation recorded in the Scottish Barony Register, the Petitioner holds the Barony/Lordship/Earldom or Marquisate of X being of the genus Barony, which ownership brings the Petitioner within the jurisdiction of the Lord Lyon, King of Arms”.

Lyon has confirmed that he does not intend to make further alteration to the arms that are granted to those with feudal dignities.

This Note ends the uncertainties of recent years and allows potential purchasers of Scottish feudal titles the comfort of knowing exactly what the Lyon Court policy is in relation to feudal titles.


Therefore, again to clarify, there has never been a Lord Carruthers, in the true sense of the word and of course no Scottish title of Peerage can be purchased on line, which includes that of Lord or Lady as sold with a very small pieve of land for commewrcoal purposes.

Below is a list of Scottish baronies prior to the Union of the Crowns, note: as Mouswald was deemed extinct after 1548, it is not included in the list.


List of Feudal Baronies (created before 1707).  

Only those currently held, are listed in the Registry of Scots Nobility which is used by the Lord Lyon as a reference. (NB not Peerage).

Barony

County

Created

Baron

Succeeded

Abbotshall
Fife
Harold Peerenboom
Abergeldie
Aberdeenshire
John Gordon
1963
Abernethy
Perthshire
Mahfouz Marei Mubarak bin Mahfouz
2008
Aboyne
Aberdeenshire
1660
Granville, 13th Marquess of Huntly
Aden
Aberdeenshire
1333
Alexander Russell of Aden
2015
Aiket
Ayrshire
Alford
Alforshire
Charles A. Cogdill
Anstruther & Balcaskie
Sir Ralph Anstruther
Arbroath
Angus
Alan Bartlett of Arbroath
Ardblair & Gask
Perthshire
Laurence Oliphant
1979
Ardgour
Argyllshire
Giancarlo Bonifazi
1998
Ardgowan
Renfrewshire
Professor Stephen Kerr
Ardrossan
Ayrshire
1357
Hugh, 19th Earl of Eglinton, 7th Earl of Winton
2018
Ardgrain
Aberdeenshire
Pepijn Oscar Hendriks
2013
Ardoch
Dumbarton
Professor Thomas Mackay
1987
Arndilly
Morayshire
David Menzies of Arndilly
Arnisdale
Ross and Cromarty
William Paterson of Arnisdale
Arnot
Fife
16th century
Willem C. G. Blanken
Arran
Ayrshire
Willi Ernst Sturzenegger
1995
Auchendarroch
Argyllshire
Keir Campbell of Auchendarroch
Auchindoir
Aberdeenshire
Alisdair Barlas of Auchindoir
Auchinleck
Ayrshire
Valentine Bennett of Auchinleck
Auchmacoy
Aberdeenshire
David Buchan of Auchmacoy
Auchtermunzie
Fife
1437
Fernando Gutierrez-Eddy of Auchtermunzie
2002
Auchterutherstruther
Fife
Abigail Busch Reisinger
2004
Auchreoch
Perthshire
Martin Cruikshank
1976
Ayton
Berwickshire
Ian Liddell-Grainger
2007
Badenscoth
Aberdeen
1823
Kevin Peng Xu
2019
Balcaskie
Fife
Major Timothy Strange
Baldoon
Wigtownshire
Christopher Busch Reisinger
Balfluig
Aberdeenshire
Mark Tennant of Balfluig
Ballencrieff
East Lothian
Moray James Nairn
2011
Ballencrieff
West Lothian
Junaid Abbas Bhatti
Ballindalloch
Banffshire
Clare Russell, Lady of Ballindalloch
Ballumbie
Angus
Robert Williamson of Ballumbie
1997
Balmore (also known as Dalmore)
Dunbartonshire
1478
Balquhain
Aberdeenshire
Nelson Lee Len Ying
1995
Balvaird
Perthshire
1624
Brady Brim-DeForest
2017
Balvenie
Banffshire
Jeremy Nicholson of Balvenie
2009
Banchory
Kincardineshire
Kenneth Lumsden of Banchory
Bannockburn
Stirlingshire
Early 14th century
Hope Vere Anderson of Bannockburn
2016
Barnbarroch
James Vans of Barnbarroch
Barnis Forbes
Aberdeenshire
Daphne Romy, Lady of Barnis Forbes
Barnton
Edinburgh
Professor Markus Frank
2016
Barra
Invernessshire
Roderick MacNeil of Barra
2010
Bathgate
Bearcrofts
Stirling
1697
Charles A. Cree
2011
Beauly
Belton
East Lothian
Before 1468
Ian Graham Rennie
2002
Bedrule
Berwickshire
Wallace Turnbull of Bedrule
2015
Biggar
Lanarkshire
Charles Ross of Biggar
Benholm
Kincardine
Roderick Strachan of Benholm
Blackburn
Professor Ranjit Chandra
Blackford
Perthshire
Richard Welkowitz
1999
Blackhall
Renfrewshire
1395
Robert Gillespie OBE
2002
Blair
Alfred Glenn of Blair
1997
Blairbuis
Timothy Busch Reisinger
Bognie, Mountblairy & Frendraught
Banffshire
Alexander Morison of Bognie
Bombie
Kirkcudbrightshire
Professor Barrie Pettman
Botile (Buittle)
Kirkcudbrightshire
1315
Braemar
Royal Deeside
10th Century
John Sullivan of Braemar
2004
Brigton
Angus
1761
Marion Douglas, Lady of Brigton
1938
Buchan Forest
Kirkcudbrightshire
Timothy Busch Reisinger
Buncle and Preston
Berwickshire
Olivier Fuchs
Buquhollie & Freswick
Caithness
Ivor John Spencer-Thomas of Buquhollie & Freswick
Busbye
Wigtownshire
Early 16th century
Byres
East Lothian
1366
Paul Kayley of Byres, Baron of Byres
2003
Calder
West Lothian
14th century
James, 15th Lord Torphichen
1975
Cambusnethan
Lanarkshire
1315
Terence Alvis of Lee
1988
Carmichael
Lanarkshire
Richard Carmichael
Carnoustie
Angus
James Langan of Carnoustie
Carnysmul Carnysmule Carnymul Carnesmole Carnysmolle (Kirkinner)
Wigtownshire
1372
Carstairs
Lanarkshire
Christopher Busch Reisinger
Cartsburn
Renfrewshire
1669
Dr. Pier Felice degli Uberti
2010
Castlehill
Inverness
1411
Simon Frasier, Lord Lovat
2018
Castle Stewart
Cavers, Scotland
Roxburgh
16th Century
Prof. Andre Douglas Nathaniel-Rock
2004
Chirnside
Berwickshire
Clackmannan
Clackmannanshire
1334
Clary
Hope Reisinger Cobera
Cleghorn
Lanarkshire
Andrew Macmillan of Cleghorn
Clerkington
Haddington
1369-1406
Closeburn
Dumfriesshire
Luis Kirkpatrick
Clugstoun Clugistoun
Wigtownshire
Before 1471
Cluny
Aberdeenshire
Cosmo Linzee Gordon of Cluny
2010
Cluny
Fife
Stuart Crane of Cluny
1997
Cockburn
Berwickshire
Olivier Fuchs
2008
Cockenzie
Robert Garrison of Cockenzie
Coigach
Wester Ross
1511
Christopher Devonshire-Ellis
2011
Coldingham
Berwickshire
Dr Peter Leando
2012
Coldingknows (see Cowdenknowes)
Roxburgh
1634
Mark Harden of Coldingknows
Coll-Earn & Elphinstone
Stirlingshire
Bailey McCune
1988
Colstoun
East Lothian
Ludovic Broun-Lindsay
Corrachree
Aberdeenshire
Alexander Barlas of Corrachree
Corsewall
Timothy Busch Reisinger
Corstorphine
1431
Michael Milne of Corstorphine
2005
Cowdenknowes
Roxburgh
1634
Mark Harden of Cowdenknowes
2002
Cowie
Aberdeenshire
Cowie
Stirlingshire
1563
Professor Alan Dennis
2020
Coxton
Morayshire
1686
Sir David Innes
Craichlaw Crachlew Crauchlew Crachlow Craichlew Craichlo
Wigtownshire
Before 1459
Craighall
Fife
Roger Alexander Lindsay
Craigie
Angus (Forfar)
1666
Rabbi Robert Thomas
2011
Craigievar
Aberdeenshire
Sir John Alexander Forbes
Craigmillar
Edinburgh
1511
Captain Brian Lawrence Williamson
Crawford
Fife
Crichton
Midlothian
Henry Burn-Callander
Crimond
Aberdeenshire
Raymond Carnegie of Crimond
Cromar
Aberdeenshire
Cromarty
Cromartyshire
John Nightingale of Cromarty
Crommey
Banffshire
Michael Innes
1978
Cruggleton Crigitoun
Wigtownshire
Before 1325
Culbin
Morayshire
William Busch Reisinger
Cumbernauld
Lanarkshire
1314
Cushnie
Aberdeenshire
Alan Robertson of Cushnie
2004
Dairsie
Fife
Christopher Ruffle of Dairsie
Danira and Comrie
Delvine
Perthshire
15th century
Dr Lars J C Lindberg
2008
Denboig
Fife
1657
Kenneth MacLean of Denboig
Denny
Stirlingshire
16th century
Alessandro Pompili
2011
Dinnet
Aberdeenshire
J. M. Marcus Humphrey
Dirleton
East Lothian
1220
Camilo Agasim-Pereira
2000
Dolphinstoun
East Lothian
Before 1700
Dr Julian Wills
2000
Drum
Kincardineshire
1323
Alexander Irvine of Drum
2019
Drylaw
Edinburgh
Duart & Morvern
Argyll
1631
Sir Lachlan MacLean
1990
Dudhope
Angus
1542
Dunconnel
Argyll
1400
Sir Charles MacLean
Duncrub
Perthshire
Douglas Smith of Duncrub
Dunure
Ayrshire
Brendan Clouston of Dunure
1997
Earlshall
Fife
Lt Col Paul Veenhuijzen
Echlin
Edinburgh
Rainer Kensy
2002
Edingight
Banffshire
John Innes of Edingight
Elie & St Monans
Fife
Esslemont
Aberdeenshire
Charles Wolrige-Gordon
1976
Eyemouth
Berwickshire
John Churchill of Eyemouth
1682
Fairholm & Kirkton
Lanarkshire
James Stevenson-Hamilton
Fetternear
Aberdeenshire
Martin Thacker of Fetternear
2001
Fingalton
Renfrewshire
1663
James Hawley of Fingalton
2017
Finlaystone Maxwell
Renfrewshire
Nicholas Frederic Papanicolaou
Finzean
Kincardineshire
Donald Farquharson of Finzean
Fordell
Fife
1511
Freuch
Wigtownshire
1559
Fulwood
Renfrewshire
1314
Camilo Agasim-Pereira
1999
Gala
Selkirkshire
John Scott of Gala
Garioch
Aberdeenshire
12th century
George David Menking
2012
Garlies
Kirkcudbrightshire
1263
Timothy Busch Reisinger
Garrallan
Ayrshire
John Boswell of Garrallan
Garthland
Wigtownshire
Before 1637
Gartly
Aberdeenshire
David James of Gartley
Gartmore
Stirling
William Graham of Gartmore
1996
Giffen
Ayrshire
1371
Ryan Montgomery
1987
Glasserton
Wigtownshire
1542
Glencammon
Timothy Busch Reisinger
Glencoe
Argyll
Forde
Glenfalloch
Perthshire
Richard Andrew Leslie
Glengarnock
Ayrshire
Robert MacGregor of Glengarnock
Glenluce
Wigtownshire
Before 1628
Gogar
Midlothian
Godfrey Devlin of Gogar
Gourdie
Perthshire
George Cox of Gourdie
Gourock
Renfrewshire
Claire Darroch-Thompson, Lady of Gourock
2011
Gordon Easter or Gordoun
Berwickshire
1150
Morange Michel
Grandhome
Aberdeenshire
David Paton of Grandholme
Grantully
Perthshire
Henry Fothringham
Greenan
Ayrshire
Hope Reisinger Cobera
Greenock
Renfrewshire
Harry Sandberg of Greenock
Greenock and Blackhall
Renfrewshire
Sir Ludovic Houston Shaw Stewart, 12th Baronet [NB not Baron of G and B]
Grougar
Ayrshire
1321
David McLean of Grougar
Hailes
East Lothian
1343
S.A. Malin of Hailes
2008
Haliburton and Lambden
Berwickshire
Col (Rt’d) Lance Miller
2016
Hallrule
Roxburghshire
Olivier Fuchs
Hallyards
Edinburgh
Halydean
Roxburghshire
1128
Taylor Moffitt of Halydean
* Holmains
Dumfriesshire
1542
Horsbrugh
Peeblesshire
Michael Chenery of Horsbrugh
1995
Houston
Renfrewshire
Before 1296
Johnny Sei Hoe Hon
2016
Inchdrewer
Banffshire
Olga Roh
2014
Inche
Wigtownshire
Before 1528
Innermessan or Invermessan
Wigtownshire
Before 1566
Innerwick
East Lothian
Victor Cowley of Innerwick
Inneryne
Argyllshire
Ronald Busch Reisinger
1998
Innes
Morayshire
James Mitchell of Innes
2004
Jedburgh Forest
Roxburghshire
1602
Richard Miller of Jedburgh Forest
2010
Kelly
Aberdeenshire
Bruce Kneller, Baron of Kelly
2004
Kemnay
Aberdeenshire
Susan Burnett, Lady of Kemnay
1978
Kersland
Kilbernie
Kilcoy
Ross-shire
16th Century
Mark David Menking
2012
Kilmarnock
Ayrshire
1316
Kilmichael
Argyll
1541
Brooke Owen-Thomas of Kilmichael
Kilmun
Argyll
Brooke Owen-Thomas of Kilmun
Kilpunt
Kilmaurs
Kincaid
Heather Kincaid, Lady of Kincaid
Kincraig
Fife
James Gourlay of Kincraig
Kinghilt Kinhilt Kenhilt Kilhilt
Wigtownshire
Before 1632
Kinnairdy
Banffshire
Colin Innes of Kinnairdy
1990
Kinnear
Michael Pilette of Kinnear
Kippenross
Stirlingshire
Susan Stirling-Aird, Lady of Kippenross
Kirkbuddo
Angus
1463
Jean-Yves de Sainte-Croix de La Sabliere
2011
Kirkdale
Wigtownshire
Ramsey Hannay of Kirkdale
Kirkintilloch
East Dunbartonshire
1184
Kirkliston
West Lothian
1618
Andor László Oleg Vilmos v. Jaross
2002
Kirriemuir
Angus
1390
Gerhard Anderson
2014
Kirknewton
Midlothian
Diana Hargreaves, Lady of Kirknewton
1992
Krawfort
Lanarkshire
1576
Lag
Dumfriesshire
1685
Margaret Hamilton, Lady of Lag
2004
Lambden (also known as Hassington)
Berwickshire
Col (Rt’d) Lance Miller
2016
Lamberton, Berwick
Berwickshire
Before 1236
Largo
Fife
Timothy Wood of Largo
2011
Lathallan
Fife
Jean Spens of Lathallan
1995
Lee
Lanarkshire
1272
Addison McElroy Fischer
2004
Lenzie
East Dunbartonshire
1170
Lescure
Ross McPherson-Smith
Leslie
Aberdeenshire
John Andrea
2019
Leswalt (now Lochnaw)
Wigtownshire
Before 1426
Dr Gordon Prestoungrange
2004
Lethendy
Perthshire
Charles Gairdner of Lethendy
Leys
Aberdeenshire
James Burnett of Leys
Liberton (or Over Liberton)
Midlothian
Olivier Fuchs
2009
Lochfergus
Albert Gazeley of Lochfergus
The Superiority of the Lands of Lochlands
Aberdeenshire
Loch Mullion
Perthshire
Before 1700
William Anderson of Loch Mullion
2000
Lochnaw (see Leswalt)
Wigtownshire
1699
Dr Gordon Prestoungrange
2004
Lochrounell
Wigtownshire
Before 1630
Logany
Kincardineshire
Before 1576
Hunter Prater
2000
Loncastell
Wigtownshire
Before 1551
Loudoun
Ayrshire
Lundie
Angus
1489
Craig Ward
2017
Marchmont
Berwickshire
Roland Eugen Staehli
1996
MacDonald
Skye
MacDougall
Arglye
1660
George Dougall of MacDougall
2006
MacDuff
Fife
1039
James Mark Domesek of MacDuff
Martyn-Kennedy alias Frethrid
Wigtownshire
Before 1541
Mearns
Renfrewshire
12th century
David Thorpe of Mearns
2002
Melfort
Argyll
Hugh Campbell-Gibson
1360s
Menie
Aberdeenshire
1317
Michael Woodley of Menie
1995
Mertoun
Wigtownshire
1504
Midmar
Aberdeenshire
Richard Wharton of Midmar
Miltonhaven (formerly Lauriston)
Kincardineshire
1695
Dorothy Newlands of Lauriston
2017
Mochrum
Wigtownshire
Before 1472
Montgomeriestoun
Wigtownshire
Before 1636
Mordington
Berwickshire
1124-53
Graham Senior-Milne
1998
Mouswald
Dumfriesshire
1452
Moy
Argyll
Lorne MacLaine of Moy
Muirton
Morayshire
1532
Dr Richard Culbert
2019
Mullion
Perthshire
1446
Faith Seale QC
2019
Mureth
Wigtownshire
Before 1514
Myrton
Wigtownshire
Before 1470
Professor Mark Watson-Gandy
Newton
Stirlingshire
1685
Philip Pickering of Newton
Ochtercoull
Ormiston
East Lothian
1637
Brian Parsons of Ormiston
2003
Peaston (or Paistoun)
East Lothian
Robert Jackson of Paistoun
2003
Penicuik
Midlothian
Sir John Dutton Clerk
Pentland
Midlothian
1316
Lt Cmdr Christopher Saint Victor de Pinho
2018
Phantelane
Argyll
1436
Capt. David N. B. McCorquodale
2010
Pitcaple
Aberdeenshire
Christopher Burges-Lumsden
Pitcruivie
Fife
Douglas Wagland of Pitcruivie
1996
Pitmilly
Fife
Peter Gybbon-Monypenny
1987
Pittenweem
Fife
1592
Claes Zangenberg
2011
Plean
Stirlingshire
George Way
1985
Plenderleith
Roxburghshire
1306
Clifford Dewey Michael Paul Harmon II
2007
Pluscarden
Porterfield
Portlethen
Kincardineshire
Maurice Taylor of Portlethen
Portrie
Wigtownshire
Before 1636
Preston and Prestonpans
East Lothian
1460
Robert McLean of Preston & Prestonpans
Prestoungrange
East Lothian
1189
Mathew Wills of Prestongrange
2004
Primside and House Site
Roxburghshire
Quhithorne or Whithorn
Wigtownshire
Before 1569
Rachane
Argyllshire
Michael Aquino
Ramshead
Ayrshire
1371
Ryan Montgomery
1987
Rannoch
Perthshire
1502
Rattray
Perthshire
Philip Cumyn of Rattray
Ravenstone
Wigtownshire
Frank Renwick of Ravenstone
1983
Remistoun
Wigtownshire
Before 1540
Renfrew
Renfrewshire
1398
The Duke of Rothesay
1952
Restalrig
Edinburgh
Robertland
Ayrshire
1539
Brian Parsons of Robertland
2005
Rossie
Fife
John Elephant of Rossie
Ruchlaw
East Lothian
Rusco
Kirkcudbrightshire
Robert Carson of Rusco
Saint Monance / Monans
Fife
1596
Dr Robert Parviz Pirooz of Saint Monance QC
2014
Saulsait Saulset
Wigtownshire
Before 1629
Seybeggis or Seabegs
Stirlingshire
15th century
George M. Burden
2014
Seggieden
Perthshire
Trond U. Hegle
Smeaton Hepburn
East Lothian
George Gray of Smeaton Hepburn
Stane
Ayrshire
1371
Ryan Montgomery
1987
Stobo
Peeblesshire
1140
The Much Hon. William Jolly
Stonehaven
Aberdeenshire
Fraser Angus Oliver Mearns of Stonehaven
Stoneywood
Aberdeenshire
Charles Mack of Stoneywood
2000
Strathdee
Aberdeenshire
1563
Strathlachlan
Argyll
Euan MacLachlan of Strathlachlan
Strichen
Aberdeenshire
1515
Massimo Fraser of Strichen
2000
Struan
Perthshire
Alexander Robertson
1983
Swinton
Berwickshire
1098
James Swinton
Teallach
Dennistoun Teall of Teallach
Thainstone
Aberdeenshire
1488
David Valentine
2017
Tranent
East Lothian
Hugh, 19th Earl of Eglinton, 7th Earl of Winton
Traquair
Peeblesshire
1491
Catherine Maxwell-Stuart, 21st Lady of Traquair
Trearne
Ayrshire
1371
Ryan Montgomery
1987
Trent
Charles A. Cogdill
2002
Troup
Banffshire
Tulloch
Ross and Cromarty
1542
David Willien
Urquhart
Inverness-shire
1230
Urquhart
Morayshire
1587
Robert A. Cromartie
2004
Twynehame
Kirkcudbrightshire
Delyse Sharpe of Twynehame
1992
Wells
Roxburghshire
Bryce Lee West
2009
Westside
Wigtoun
Lanarkshire
1606
Wormiston
Fife
Michael Spens
1970
Yair
Selkirk
1806
Li Li
2019
Yeochrie
Aberdeenshire
Richard Stuart of Yeochrie

NB As the Lord Lyon King of Arms retains jurisdiction over the recognition of titles through the individual’s right to bear the arms of that designation, all judicial processes and advice remains in Scotland. As such the Lyon would not assign an advocate to any individual nor group of individuals wishing to; petition him, use a title, set up a clan gathering to choose a Chief not under his direct supervision and most certainly not external to Scotland and the Scottish legal process, as this is not within his remit.


Clan Carruthers Society WP footnote grey Final to use

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